Decline in Gum Arabic Exports Problems and Solutions| Sudanow Magazine

Khartoum (Sudanow)

Gum Arabic exports have a significant and positive impact on Sudan’s foreign trade. Like other sectors, this industry has been severely affected by the destruction that has engulfed all economic activities in Sudan as a result of the war. This devastation was preceded by a period of decline caused by several factors, including weak infrastructure, lack of basic services, scarcity of drinking water, and the remoteness of markets from production areas.

On the importance of the gum Arabic sector, its role in supporting the national economy, and the key problems and solutions, Sudanow met with economic expert Dr. Haitham Mohamed Fathi, who explained the following:

Among the reasons behind the weak returns from gum Arabic production are the growing role of intermediaries and traders who monopolize production and capture the largest share of profits; poor product quality and substandard processing; low prices; and the multiplicity of internal fees and charges, including those imposed at customs points in export ports. Weak promotion has also contributed to the deterioration of specifications and, consequently, fluctuations in production.

In addition, the control exercised by foreign cartels over gum Arabic exports and their marketing channels—often passed down through generations—has led to a decline in exports, negatively affected quality standards at both raw and processed levels, and encouraged smuggling to neighboring African countries.

Accordingly, there is a need to focus on production areas and producers through a strategy agreed upon by all stakeholders, one that helps increase both the quantity and quality of output and protects the market from collapse and annual volatility.

Dr. Fathi also stressed the importance of improving the performance of the Gum Arabic Company and strengthening its role, agreeing on unified external marketing channels with other companies, and preventing speculation in this strategic commodity—under the supervision of the Ministry of Foreign Trade and the Ministry of Industry and Investment. Continuous review of policies related to processing Sudanese gum Arabic is also essential to enhance its role and gradually replace exports of raw gum with higher-value processed products.

Dr. Haitham noted that there have been calls emphasizing the importance of establishing a specialized bank for gum Arabic, dedicated to scientific research, marketing, and facilitating producers’ operations. In his view, this proposal is a step in the right direction, as such a bank would help provide financing and services to producers—particularly housing services—while also paying attention to other types of gums, which number more than 31 varieties. This comes at a time when global demand for Sudanese gum Arabic is increasing due to its high quality, especially following the U.S. announcement recognizing gum Arabic as a food ingredient rather than merely a food additive.

Economy: The importance of gum Arabic stems from its use in many vital industries, including pharmaceuticals, food products, cosmetics, paints, and other manufacturing sectors.

Dr. Haitham confirmed that national production of gum Arabic is increasing, but in an unstable manner. Average annual production is estimated at around 80,000 tons, most of which is exported in raw form or at the lowest levels of processing.

The sector also faces several challenges, including labor shortages, low production efficiency, limited financing, and monopolistic practices.

In conclusion, planning for the post-war period is both a necessity and a duty. Such planning must be based on sound foundations and supported by effective development-oriented media that plays its role in guidance and awareness, particularly regarding the devastating effects of the war in Sudan, which has caused massive destruction to infrastructure and all economic activities. For life to continue, reconstruction and the restoration of growth across all economic sectors are essential.

Responsible national media must adopt and promote positive plans, highlight encouraging initiatives, and showcase positive images of Sudan—its immense potential and the rich natural and human resources it possesses.

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